THE AORTA FISSURE OR DISSECTION (health focus)

1/DEFINITION

The Aorta is the most important artery. It provides the heart with blood, the brain , the kidneys and the liver as well. Also, it is the source of the blood circulation over the human body. For some pathological reasons the Aorta is damaged and especially the wall where a breach occurs. So there is either a rupture or breaking up or an aneurysm. This latter provokes the genesis of a large area in the artery wall where blood can be stored or sequestrated.

2/AORTA ANATOMY

The Aorta resembles an ancient wooden cane. It gets four parts. The ascending Aorta that is constituted of the thoracic Aorta and the arch parts and that are in the thoracic area.

The descending Aorta which is constituted of the abdominal and the pelvic parts and that are in the back and the lumbar.

3/THE CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS

It is the most difficult clinical diagnosis because the symptoms are not specifics.

Mostly the patient may have cervical, abdominal or back pain. Nevertheless mostly patients have a pathological background like high blood pressure or he is very old.

3/THE CONFIRMED DIAGNOSIS

Ultrasound Doppler and ultrasound per esophagus confirm the diagnosis.

The MRI confirms the diagnosis too.

4/THE REASONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AORTA DISSECTION

• GETTING AGED/ The age lets develop Aorta dissection with time and especially for someone who gets many diseases and the atherosclerosis.
• HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE/In one hand it provokes the deterioration of the Aorta dissection or rupture especially when associated with the atherosclerosis. In the other hand it worsens the already existent Aorta dissection or rupture.
• UNDERNOURISHMENT/Provokes the deterioration of the tissues in general and artery wall as well.
• CONGENITAL AORTIC MALFORMATION
• SOME IMMUNE DISEASES/*Marfan disease. It is an inherited immune disease that touches the connective tissue and then provokes Aorta dissection.

5/TREATMENT

It needs a surgery treatment.

6/CONCLUSION

Aortic dissection is a dangerous pathology because if not diagnosed in time it provokes the sudden death. It is ignored by many people and it is mostly misdiagnosed. The assessment of the existence of the Aorta dissection or breakdown should get part of a routine practice in the primary practice. The ultrasound and Doppler should be basic means that must be present in the general emergency or consultation. It is an urgent diagnosis and each second might save the patient.